编程学习

敲latex省事专用文。

特殊字符合集

img

img

img

img

常用宏包

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\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[UTF8]{ctex}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{left=2.5cm,right=2.5cm,top=2.5cm,bottom=2.5cm}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage{subfig}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}                        
\usepackage{booktabs, siunitx}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{comment}
\usepackage{tcolorbox}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{xcolor}

设置页码

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\usepackage{fancyhdr} %宏包
\newpage %创建新页
\tableofcontents %生成目录
\thispagestyle{empty} %这一页不显示页码

\newpage
\setcounter{page}{1} %设置页码数目，从正文开始记数
\pagestyle{plain} %设置页码模式

绘图

如果不用\usepackage{tikz}宏包，建议使用ipe或者wps或者其他妙妙网站画图（推荐https://www.drawio.com/）

tikz教程：Tikz绘图: 入门简明教程

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%绘制流程图的示例代码
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows, positioning, fit, calc}
% 定义流程图样式
\tikzset{
    % 定义节点样式
    startstop/.style={
        rectangle, 
        rounded corners,
        minimum width=3cm, 
        minimum height=1cm,
        text centered, 
        draw=black, 
        fill=green!30
    },
    process/.style={
        rectangle, 
        minimum width=3cm, 
        minimum height=1cm, 
        text centered, 
        draw=black, 
        fill=blue!20
    },
    decision/.style={
        diamond, 
        minimum width=3cm, 
        minimum height=1cm, 
        text centered, 
        draw=black, 
        fill=orange!30
    },
    arrow/.style={
        thick,
        ->,
        >=stealth
    }
}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=2cm]
    % 节点
    \node (start) [startstop] {开始};
    \node (pro1) [process, below=of start] {处理步骤1};
    \node (dec1) [decision, below=of pro1] {判断条件?};
    \node (pro2a) [process, below left=of dec1] {处理步骤2A};
    \node (pro2b) [process, below right=of dec1] {处理步骤2B};
    \node (pro3) [process, below right=2cm and 0cm of pro2a] {处理步骤3};
    \node (stop) [startstop, below=of pro3] {结束};
    
    % 箭头
    \draw [arrow] (start) -- (pro1);
    \draw [arrow] (pro1) -- (dec1);
    \draw [arrow] (dec1) -- node[anchor=east] {是} (pro2a);
    \draw [arrow] (dec1) -- node[anchor=west] {否} (pro2b);
    \draw [arrow] (pro2a) -- (pro3);
    \draw [arrow] (pro2b) -- (pro3);
    \draw [arrow] (pro3) -- (stop);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

添加图片

一张

如果文中要引用该图片，使用\ref{fig:3}

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\begin{figure}[H]
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.75\linewidth]{位移极化.png}
    \caption{位移极化}
    \label{fig:3}
\end{figure}

并排两张

在\begin{figure}下再开一个\begin{subfigure}即可

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\begin{figure}[H]
    \centering
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.42\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{PTFE片、铜片、商业陶瓷样本 .jpg}
        \caption{PTFE片、铜片、商业陶瓷样本}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill % 添加一些水平间距
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.44\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{钛酸钡样本 .jpg}
        \caption{$BaTiO_3$样本}
    \end{subfigure}
    \caption{实验样本}
    \label{fig:5}
\end{figure}

制作表格

使用宏包\usepackage{tabularx}

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\usepackage{tabularx}
\begin{table}[H]
    \centering 
    \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|}\hline %表格类型
        单位(mm) & 1 & 2 & 3\\ \hline
       直径  & 6.50 & 6.51 &6.52 \\ \hline
       厚度  &0.795  & 0.796 &0.795 \\ \hline
    \end{tabular}
    \caption{商用陶瓷样本参数}
    \label{tab:my_label}
\end{table}

另一种样式：

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\usepackage{array,tabularx}   % 必须导言区加载这两个宏包
\begin{center}              % 居中环境
	\begin{tabularx}{0.9\textwidth}{|c|*3{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X|}} \hline
	\diagbox{组别}{超声波检查结果} & 正常 & 不正常 & 合计  \\ \hline
	患该疾病   & $20$ & $180$ & $200$\\ \hline 
	未患该疾病 & $780$ & $20$ & $800$\\ \hline 
	合计      & $800$ & $200$ & $1000$ \\ \hline
	\end{tabularx}
\end{center}

经典三线表：

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\begin{table}[htbp]
    \centering
    \caption{宏包罗列}
    \begin{tabular}{ccccc}
        \toprule
        \multicolumn{5}{c}{模板中已经加载的宏包} \\
        \midrule
%内容
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}%
    \label{tab:addlabel}%
\end{table}%

引用

\label可以给图片或公式打上几号再用\ref{}引用，要引用reference.bib中的文献用\cite{}

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\begin{equation}
    \vec{E}^{'}=-(\varepsilon _{r}-1)\vec{E}=-(1-\frac{1}{\varepsilon _{r} } )\vec{E}_{0} \label{eq:2}
\end{equation}

代码环境

使用宏包\usepackage{listings}并使用\lstset{}设置样式

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\usepackage{listings}
\lstset{
    numbers=left,
    numberstyle=\tiny,
    keywordstyle=\color{blue!70},
    commentstyle=\color{red!50!green!50!bule!50},
    frame=shadowbox,
    backgroundcolor=\color{gray!10},
    xleftmargin=1em,xrightmargin=1em,aboveskip=1em,
    breaklines=true,
    linewidth=\linewidth
}
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\begin{lstlisting}[language=python]
%代码区域
\end{lstlisting}

流程图绘制

Mermaid 中文网

draw.io

封面

效果见https://latex.ustc.edu.cn/5713119296pcydcgwbcbrs#0317e7

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%好看的封面
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% Welcome to Overleaf --- just edit your LaTeX on the left,
% and we'll compile it for you on the right. If you open the
% 'Share' menu, you can invite other users to edit at the same
% time. See www.overleaf.com/learn for more info. Enjoy!
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% How to create a beautiful cover page in LaTeX using TikZ
% Latexdraw.com
% 14:15, 03:03:2020

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{anyfontsize}
\usepackage{sectsty}
\usepackage{newtxtext}

\begin{document}

\pagestyle{empty}

\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]

% Background color
\fill[
black!2]
(current page.south west) rectangle (current page.north east);

% Rectangles
\shade[
left color=Dandelion,
right color=Dandelion!40,
transform canvas ={rotate around ={45:($(current page.north west)+(0,-6)$)}}]
($(current page.north west)+(0,-6)$) rectangle ++(9,1.5);

\shade[
left color=lightgray,
right color=lightgray!50,
rounded corners=0.75cm,
transform canvas ={rotate around ={45:($(current page.north west)+(.5,-10)$)}}]
($(current page.north west)+(0.5,-10)$) rectangle ++(15,1.5);

\shade[
left color=lightgray,
rounded corners=0.3cm,
transform canvas ={rotate around ={45:($(current page.north west)+(.5,-10)$)}}] ($(current page.north west)+(1.5,-9.55)$) rectangle ++(7,.6);

\shade[
left color=orange!80,
right color=orange!60,
rounded corners=0.4cm,
transform canvas ={rotate around ={45:($(current page.north)+(-1.5,-3)$)}}]
($(current page.north)+(-1.5,-3)$) rectangle ++(9,0.8);

\shade[
left color=red!80,
right color=red!80,
rounded corners=0.9cm,
transform canvas ={rotate around ={45:($(current page.north)+(-3,-8)$)}}] ($(current page.north)+(-3,-8)$) rectangle ++(15,1.8);

\shade[
left color=orange,
right color=Dandelion,
rounded corners=0.9cm,
transform canvas ={rotate around ={45:($(current page.north west)+(4,-15.5)$)}}]
($(current page.north west)+(4,-15.5)$) rectangle ++(30,1.8);

\shade[
left color=RoyalBlue,
right color=Emerald,
rounded corners=0.75cm,
transform canvas ={rotate around ={45:($(current page.north west)+(13,-10)$)}}]
($(current page.north west)+(13,-10)$) rectangle ++(15,1.5);

\shade[
left color=lightgray,
rounded corners=0.3cm,
transform canvas ={rotate around ={45:($(current page.north west)+(18,-8)$)}}]
($(current page.north west)+(18,-8)$) rectangle ++(15,0.6);

\shade[
left color=lightgray,
rounded corners=0.4cm,
transform canvas ={rotate around ={45:($(current page.north west)+(19,-5.65)$)}}]
($(current page.north west)+(19,-5.65)$) rectangle ++(15,0.8);

\shade[
left color=OrangeRed,
right color=red!80,
rounded corners=0.6cm,
transform canvas ={rotate around ={45:($(current page.north west)+(20,-9)$)}}]
($(current page.north west)+(20,-9)$) rectangle ++(14,1.2);

% Year
\draw[ultra thick,gray]
($(current page.center)+(5,2)$) -- ++(0,-3cm)
node[
midway,
left=0.25cm,
text width=5cm,
align=right,
black!75
]
{
{\fontsize{25}{30} \selectfont \bf ANNUAL \\[10pt] REPORT}
}
node[
midway,
right=0.25cm,
text width=6cm,
align=left,
orange]
{
{\fontsize{72}{86.4} \selectfont 2020}
};

% Title
\node[align=center] at ($(current page.center)+(0,-5)$)
{
{\fontsize{60}{72} \selectfont {{Title of the Report}}} \\[1cm]
{\fontsize{16}{19.2} \selectfont \textcolor{orange}{ \bf Author Name}}\\[3pt]
Company Name\\[3pt]
Address};
\end{tikzpicture}

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